The potential of traditional underground construction methods to create future-proof living space

Abstract

The aim of this work is to investigate the potential of traditional underground construction methods for the creation of sustainable living space in Switzerland. Through a multi-stage analysis of the "Yaodong" in China and the "Sassi di Matera" in Italy, the incomparable strengths of this building forms are to be determined and brought into the modern building context. The study revealed several positive characteristics that can be transferred to modern residential buildings in Switzerland. These characteristics are above all the natural thermal stability due to the compact and insulating building envelope, the low emission values as the subsoil serves as the main building material, the low heating energy consumption due to the thermal stability, the complete recyclability of the buildings and the low life cycle costs. Negative characteristics are seen in the lack of living space quality. Due to the airtightness of the building envelope, air circulation is insufficient, condensation and mold can occur on the interior walls and natural lighting is inadequate. With the help of modern building technologies, however, these disadvantages can be completely eliminated. One focus of this work is the development of a hybrid building form, here called SubVivo, which represents a synthesis of the traditional underground construction methods under consideration with modern Swiss building standards. SubVivo utilizes the thermal stability, sustainability and recyclability of traditional buildings and integrates modern building technology to ensure the safety and living quality of the residents. The SubVivo building concept aims to contribute to the sustainable development of residential construction in Switzerland. Care has been taken to ensure that the future challenges facing Swiss residential buildings can be mastered.

In summary, this work shows the potential of integrating underground residential buildings in Switzerland. Through the further development of approaches such as the SubVivo building or the identification of similar building forms, new, previously little-known housing alternatives can play an important role in Swiss spatial planning policy in the future, as sustainable, resource- and energy-saving solutions can be offered. The results of this work lay the foundation for further research in the field of sustainable underground living.