Big Data in LCA: Analysing the data from Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) for ready-mixed concrete            

Abstract

Concrete, a fundamental material in civil engineering, significantly impacts the environment. While much attention has been given to greenhouse gas emissions and Global Warming Potential (GWP) in concrete production, freshwater consumption remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by analyzing net freshwater use in ready-mixed concrete production and other environmental indicators through Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). Our analysis reveals that freshwater use varies notably, ranging from 0.1 m3/m3 to 6.3 m3/m3 (excluding the outliers). Significant inconsistencies and a lack of correlation between freshwater use and other environmental indicators such as renewable energy and GWP were identified in the analysis. These findings highlight the need for standardized measurement and reporting of freshwater use in EPDs. Enhancing the accuracy and reliability of freshwater data in EPDs is crucial for promoting sustainability within the concrete industry. This work aims to raise awareness of freshwater use’s environmental impact and advocates for more comprehensive environmental assessments in concrete production.